Page 42 - Annonce Dergi | İzmir Özel Saint-Joseph Fransız Lisesi
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100 Years of                                           Turkey, one of the modern countries of the world, will celebrate

                                                               its 100th anniversary on October 29, 2023. Turkey has one of the
                                                               best histories in the world and will continue making history. The
        Turkey                                                 great leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk saved the Ottoman Empire,

                                                               which leaped from war to war, was almost wiped out from the
                                                               world map, and made it the Turkish Republic. On May 15th, 1919
                                                               the Greeks landed in İzmir and occupied Edirne, Bursa, and İzmir.
                                                               No Turkish opposition was offered, and the Greeks soon moved
                                                               as  far  as  Usak.  Military  action  between  Turks  and  Greeks  in
                                                               Anatolia in 1920 was inconclusive, but the nationalist cause was
                                                               strengthened the following year by a series of brilliant victories.
                                                               Twice (in January and again in April) Ismet Pasha defeated the
                                                               Greek army in the İnönü area, it prevented it from advancing
                                                               into the interior of Anatolia. In July, in the face of a third offensive,
                                                               the Turkish forces fell back in good order to the Sakarya River close
                                                               to Ankara, where Atatürk took personal command and decisively
                                                               defeated the Greeks in a twenty-day battle. Military development
                                                               brought  diplomatic  developments  and  both  France  and    Italy
                                                               withdrew  from  Anatolia.  In  the  same  year,  agreements  were
                                                               signed by the Soviet Union and it was the first country to recognize
                                                               Turkish nationalists, and border agreements were signed. A war
                                                               broke  out  between  Armenia  and  Turkey  and  after  a  while  the
                                                               Armenian  resistance  was  over  and  the  Kars  region  was  taken
                                                               back. Our last war against the Greeks, the Commander-in-Chief
                                                               War, began in August 1922. Turks moved to İzmir in September of
                                                               1922. Greek soldiers who had crowded in Izmir were taken away
                                                               by Allied ships, leaving the city on fire before they pulled out in
                                                               order to leave nothing behind.

                                                                                                            Lila Akkan
































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